Since vs. For with Present Perfect

Since is used with the present perfect to express that something has happened since a point in time.
I've lived here since 1999.
She's been working hard since two this afternoon.

For is used with the present perfect to express that something has happened for a period of time.
I've worked at this job for 10 years.
Peter's been playing tennis for two hours.

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His
The possessive pronoun form of he is "his" - both when followed by a noun and by itself - It is his book. The book is his.

I think that's his car.

That house over there is his.

 to mind
The verb "mind" is followed by the gerund -( ing) - form of the verb.

He doesn't mind working late.

Would you mind giving me a hand?

First Conditional
In the first conditional, use the simple present in the if clause and the future with will in the result clause.

If you finish that book, we'll get you a new one.

She'll move to Oregon if she gets a new job.

Present Perfect with "For"
Use the present perfect with the time expression "for" to express a period of time up to the present moment.

She's played tennis for ten years.

I've known him for many years.

Had to -  is the past of both "have to" and "must".

John had to get up early to catch the train last week.

He said he had to leave.

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Expressing Age
We use the verb "to be" to express age in English. There are two possibilities: He is eight. OR He is eight years old.

Tom is twenty-two.

My brother is thirty-six years old.

Already and Yet
Use "already" in positive sentences to express something done recently. Use "yet" in the question and negative forms.

Have you finished that report yet?

He's already talked with Bob.

Short Answers

When answering yes/no questions, use the auxiliary verb to reply.

Did he come last week? - Yes, he did. (Past Simple)

Have you lived here long? - No, I haven't. (Present Perfect)

Do you like him? - Yes, I do. (Present Simple)

Asking about Experience

Use the present perfect to inquire about life experiences.

Have you ever seen a play by Shakespeare?

Has she ever visited France?

Past Continuous for Interrupted Actions

Use the past continuous to express an interrupted action in the past.

She was talking on the phone when he arrived.

What was she doing when you asked her the question?